Growing high density residential development in the lower reaches in the early 1990s coincided with minor government programs such as the installation of litter traps. 4. The Yarra was for say nicknamed the upside down river because of the way some of it looked. Following this, the river was widened to protect Melbourne residents from future flooding. Join in on the rich events calendar from the famous Moomba Festival to regattas and rowing races, the Dragon Boat Festival and an endless array of community events. With two legislative days remaining until Crossover Day, legislators and lobbyists spent all . The Future Directions Plan and Recreation Guidelines for the Lower Yarra River, reaching from Dights Falls to Port Phillip Bay, provides a framework enabling the competing demands of all users of the river to be safely balanced while maintaining the rivers environmental values. The river's major tributaries are the Plenty River, Merri Creek, Darebin Creek, Diamond Creek, Gardiners Creek, Mullum Mullum Creek and the Moonee Ponds Creek. Originally called Birrarung by the Wurundjeri, the current name was mistranslated from another Wurundjeri term in the Boonwurrung language; Yarro-yarro, meaning "ever-flowing".[1][2]. A small creek (2-3 m wide) with predominantly fast, shallow water, 10-30 cm deep, gravel substrate. The river's resources were utilised sustainably by the Wurundjeri until European settlement in the early-mid-19th century. flickr/daniel montemayor. One-third of Victorias animal species are found in the Yarra catchment, including: More than 25 unique vegetation communities make their home along the river and its billabongs, wetlands and swamps: For an in-depth look at plant and animal species you might find, view our wildlife guide: Whether youre into walking, cycling, paddling or socialising, the Yarra has something to offer. The Wurundjeri people caught eels in the lagoons and swamps of the river and also fished using funnel shaped fish pots. Its marshlands were covered over to prevent . In the zone for flavour, texture and length. Acknowledgement of the countryWe acknowledge the Traditional Owners of the land where we work and live. It has abundant brown trout to 275 g, river blackfish to 200 g, roach and short-finned eels. Did you know: More than one-third of Victorias population lives in the Yarra catchment, which spans about 4000 square kilometres. [9], Upon European arrival it was given the name 'Yarra Yarra' by John Helder Wedge of the Port Phillip Association in 1835,[10] in the mistaken belief that this was the name for the river in the Boonwurrung language. Again, towards the end of the 1850's and into the early 1860's, Anderson's Creeks became largely deserted as a result of the opening . Devastating flooding was also a regular feature of the original narrow, twisting waterway. One of the best ways you can get into nature is with a Licensed Tour Operator. Around 2000, the river became a focus of major government projects. The largest and most notable of these parklands include: the Royal Botanic Gardens, Birrarung Marr, Yarra Bend Park, Westerfolds Park, Warrandyte State Park and the Yarra Ranges National Park.[39]. From Warburton, farms begin to emerge on the banks of the Yarra River, including dairy and beef farms. [citation needed]. Spring Hill Creek Tributary of Mount Emu Creek. The current name of the river was translated incorrectly: The actual name of the Yarra River is Yarro-yarro, which is a Wurundjeri term in the Boonwurrung language meaning ever-flowing. This is a very accurate description as the river is a perennial waterway, meaning it has a continuous flow all year round due to years of normal rainfall. Some of the larger parklands adjoining the river include, from downstream to upstream: There are 14 golf courses adjoining the river, these include, from downstream to upstream: The Yarra is considered an important part of Melbourne's culture and a symbol of the city, and as a result, it has been the source of artistic and cultural expression. He selected a site on the northern bank of the Yarra River, declaring that "this will be the place for a village". In the 1840s a weir was built at Dights Falls to power a flour mill and to give some control over the river downstream from there. It rises at an elevation of 792 meters above sea level and drops to sea level at Port Philip. Yarra Bend Park is the largest area of natural bushland near the heart of Melbourne. Grab a cuppa, put your feet up and turn up the sound! Some animals, like platypus, have been rediscovered in areas where they had disappeared. [At the Yarra Riverkeeper Association] our activities include monitoring the health of the Yarra and any developments through our regular boat patrols, water testing, speaking with river stakeholders, running community forums and tours, publicising and educating the public, schools and others while supporting other community groups and authorities that help the river. In the period 200408, 3 people died in this manner in Warrandyte alone. Elemental to Melbournes identity, the Yarra River is one of Victorias iconic waterways. The Upper Yarra Dam was later constructed to alleviate the flooding, protecting settlements along the river, yet depriving the river banks of soil and silt deposits and causing other problems such as erosion and salinity. This is an important spawning and nursery area for brown trout from the Yarra River. It's illegal to swim in the Yarra River south of Gipps Street in Abbotsford. The water was clear at the time of the first European settlements, but intensive land clearing and development since the mid-19th century has resulted in the presence of microscopic clay particles. At its most easterly point, it is fed by many small unnamed creeks and streams that begin in the Yarra Ranges within the Yarra Ranges National Park, which are sometimes fed by snowfalls. Some of the more prominent and historical crossings include;[39], Several reserves have been set aside adjoining the Yarra, mostly to preserve the natural environment or for recreation, many of these are managed and operated by Parks Victoria, the state government agency responsible for the management of Victoria's national parks and other reserves. At certain times of the year, particularly during the Moomba Festival, this stretch of the river is occupied by water skiing courses and jumps. The total catchment area is approximately 4,000 square kilometres (1,500sqmi). There is plenty to be had, experts say, but probably not enough for you to quit your day job. Yarra Bend Park is Melbourne's largest natural bushland park. Gold in Gila River was found in 1858, when Col. Jacob Snively and his men struck gold outside Gila City. The river flows into Port Phillip, the site being extensively altered as part of the Port of Melbourne, Australia's busiest seaport. The Yarra River is one of Melbourne's greatest assets. This series of rocks, originally used to cross the river, and referred to as the "Yarra Falls" was removed using explosives and divers in 1883. The lowest section is an estuary where ocean water and salt travel upstream for about 10 kilometers. 5. Shipping activity at Victoria Dock during this time had gone into steep decline and it was almost disused by the mid-1970s. The Yarra River crosses an enormous range of habitats from pristine forested catchments, to a range of agricultural lands and onto dense urban areas: The stretch of the Yarra River between Warburton and Warrandyte has been identified as a Victorian Heritage River. Depart from Southgate on the Spirit of Melbourne, a vessel that offers encompassing glass viewing areas as you dine away and pass Melbourne's parks, gardens and sport's stadiums and more. Gold mining cleared small areas of land of vegetation and for periods of time, drained sections of the river; however, when compared to land clearing and industrial pollutants, the effects of gold mining on the river were quite low. The Upper Yarra Dam, one of a number of dams in the Yarra Catchment that supply a large part of Melbourne's water, is the furthest upstream point on the river visible to the general public (though the dam itself is closed off). The lower stretch of the river from Docklands to the Melbourne Cricket Ground was part of the final path of the Queen's Baton Relay of the 2006 Commonwealth Games. Steavenson River Tributary of Acheron River. @thesurfingprospector6345. Many cultural sites are still with us today like the Yarra Flats dreaming, and the Heide Scar tree and Bolin Bolin Billabong in Bulleen. The Yarra River basin is home to almost 30% of the animal species in Victoria. However, the increased industrialization came at a cost. 5. With the pan still underwater, slosh the muddy mix back and forth. The Yarra River or historically, the Yarra Yarra River,[3] (Kulin languages: Berrern, Birr-arrung, Bay-ray-rung, Birarang,[5] Birrarung,[6] and Wongete[1]) is a perennial river[3] in south-central Victoria, Australia. The final section passes through the Port of Melbourne and under the Bolte Bridge and the West Gate Bridge. The river now compares favourably with many metropolitan rivers overseas. The first step is finding the right spot in the river where the gold might collect, such as a crook in the bedrock, idle pools, log jams, inside corners of rivers or spaces between boulders.. It is approximately 242 kilometres (150mi) in length, with a mean annual flow of 718 gigalitres (2.541010cuft), which is roughly 50% its original flow prior to damming. The current bridge was constructed in 1888. A history of flooding: The first recorded flood in The Yarra River was in 1839. The first Europeans to sail up the river was a surveying party led by Charles Grimes, Acting Surveyor General of New South Wales, who in 1803 sailed upstream to Dights Falls, where they could no longer continue due to the nature of the terrain. [39], The river is navigable by most boats from its entrance in Hobsons Bay to Dights Falls, a stretch of 22km (14mi), and is subject to tidal variations and submerged objects. The river's resources were utilised sustainably by the Wurundjeri until the arrival of European colonists in the early-mid-19th century. The Yarra Riverbank is home to over 20 unique plant communities. In the rivers upper reaches, fishing is most popular. Also referred to as Yarra Yarra, Birrarung and Wongete, the Yarra River is a perennial river that flows in the south-central part of Victoria, Australia and is one of Melbournes major attractions. Sure, it's not really suitable for swimming or drinking, and sometimes it smells funny - but that's what us Melburnians love about it. A growing number of people are heading to the streams and rivers in search of gold. The river was partially dammed at Pound Bend near Normans Reserve at its eastern entrance and near Bob's wetlands at its western exit. At Healesville, the river turns west again and the stream bed becomes increasingly silty, reducing the clarity of the water, and by the commuter town of Yarra Glen it begins to take on the brownish colour that the lower reaches are known for. Then the river turns northwards at Woori Yallock and flows through the Yarra Valley wine region. Some of the parks youll see along the way include: The Lower Yarra Revegetation Project planted 18,000 native plants along 14 kilometres of the river to help improve water quality and habitat. Top editors give you the stories you want delivered right to your inbox each weekday. As rivers, lakes and reservoirs are natural environments, you may encounter hazards. Beginning with the Victorian gold rush it was extensively mined, creating the Pound Bend Tunnel in Warrandyte, and the Big and Little Peninsula Tunnels above Warburton. The Yarra River is a river in East-Central Victoria, Australia that flows through the city of Melbourne. [7], The annual Moomba festival celebrates the Yarra River's increasing cultural significance to Melbourne. It provided many resources and important places for spiritual and community activity, like birthplaces and ceremonial and burial grounds. Levels of bacteria, particularly E. coli and substances like grease, oils and heavy metals in the Yarra River and its tributaries are a major problem. In March 2019, it was reported that the river's environmental health is at risk due to litter, pollution, pets and urban development. Would you like to see more improved bioretention systems and more, Ocean Protect were proud to support the South Australian Stormwater Symposium on Thursday, 8th September 2022. All rights reserved. It was utilised and managed sustainably by the Wurundjeri for around 40,000 years; however, since the European settlement and use of the river in the mid-19th century, its geography has changed substantially reflecting the unsustainable use of the river and surrounding resources. La Camera, Southgate While this was not considered a problem in the floodplains near Yarra Glen and Coldstream, the floodings caused much trouble further downstream in settlements such as Warrandyte, Templestowe, Bulleen, Heidelberg and Ivanhoe. The clay soil in the region breaks up into tiny particles and dissipates throughout the whole of the river. And, to many locals, where happy memories of personal pilgrimages, peaceful summer evenings, and days exploring were made. A four-year-long boom soon followed, and today Gila River is one of the more famous gold panning locations in the state. The Wurundjeri people have always had a deep connection to the river. Birrarung was the very first name that the indigenous Australians gave it. Wedge asked local aborigines what they called the cascading waters on the lower section of the river. In the city's early days the Yarra was one of two major ports, the other being Sandridge (now Port Melbourne), but the Yarra was preferred due to the direct access to the town's main streets and was the location of Customs House (now the Immigration Museum). There is a canoe launching ramp only 100m from the campground. This has ultimately led to a lack of healthy understory and saplings, or a lack of saplings completely, which contributes to problems such as reduced habitat, erosion and salinity, issues that ironically affect surrounding agriculture. There is a population of Macquarie perch and some Murray cod. Melbournes most valuable natural asset is home to a range of beautiful indigenous plants, animals, birds and fish, and is vital to our social and economic wellbeing: The Lower (left) and Upper (right) Yarra River and catchment areas: click to enlarge map or download it below. Access your favorite topics in a personalized feed while you're on the go. Below Dights Falls at Yarra Bend Park in inner Melbourne, the river becomes increasingly estuarine as it passes along the southern side of the central business district. But the Wurundjeri believed that they had simply taken part in a friendship ceremony, and were granting Batman leave to pass through their country. The city reach which is inaccessible to larger watercrafts, has seen increased use for both transport and recreational boating (including kayaking, canoeing, rowing and swimming). It has spiritual and cultural significance for Aboriginal communities. Swanson Dock was constructed between 1966 and 1972 equipped for modern container shipping. Delivering the plan is a Victorian Government commitment to protect our treasured Yarra River, Birrarung, and its parklands for future generations. Downstream of Warburton, the Yarra Valley gradually opens out and farms begin to appear, including beef and dairy farms, and by the town of Woori Yallock and the river's turn north, increasingly large areas are covered by vineyards, forming the Yarra Valley wine region. Beginning in the Klamath mountain, it runs 445 miles before its finish line at the San Francisco Bay and Delta. The Macquarie Perchs population is dependent on the Yarra River, as there has been a major decline in the Murray-Darling Macquarie Perch population. In fact, new research commissioned by Ocean Protect, shows Victorian residents are extremely concerned about marine and waterway health in relation to population growth over half rated it as their number one concern from a total list of 12 common concerns including increased traffic, housing density, competition for jobs and possible reduced water supply. The river provided food and water and places for spiritual activities like burial grounds and birthplaces for the indigenous groups. The river has been a major food source and meeting place for Indigenous Australians for thousands of years. Through the 1970s and 1980s, many desirable developments alongside the river began, such as the Victorian Arts Centre, as its lower courses progressively became gentrified. This reduced the river's flow to around 50%, where it sits today. In 1916, the central pier at Victoria Dock was completed which provided 6 additional shipping berths and cargo sheds and creating a distinctive landmark for Melbourne ports. In the middle reaches there are a few rapids of easy to moderate difficulty, however these are sparsely distributed. Widening and dams, like the Upper Yarra Reservoir have helped protect Melbourne from major flooding. Yarra River also serves as a habitat for frogs such as Perons tree frog, eastern froglet, and southern toadlet. There are four bridges on the Yarra River with limited height clearances at high tide:[39], "Yarra Yarra" redirects here. Large vessels should navigate the area with caution. From the gushing tropical rivers in Cairns, the glitter strip of the Gold Coast, to the coastal beauty of Coffs Harbour, mesmerising Sydney Harbour and its innumerable inlets, Adrenaline provides the perfect place for rafting tours and trips at the best prices. Pack the car and round up your family and friends. On this page: Yarra Ranges Shire Council Flood History Healesville Local Flood Guide Lilydale Local Flood Guide Mooroolbark Local Flood Guide Warburton Local Flood Guide Yarra Glen Local Flood Guide It hosts a wide range of geographic features including; bends, rapids, lakes, islands, floodplains, billabongs, wetlands, etc. [citation needed], The first major change came with the cutting of the Coode Canal between 1880 and 1886. The Yarra River hosts a wide range of geographical features, perhaps the most plentiful of which are billabongs, of which there are over 100, particularly in the floodplains near Yering, Yarra Glen and Coldstream.Being a considerably thin river for almost its entire length, there are very few islands or lakes.In the middle reaches there are a few rapids of easy to moderate difficulty, however . Then start digging, filling your pan with gravel. Congratulations Yarra Riverkeeper: Ian Penrose! There are easy walks and tracks around this area. With the Avon, Canning and Helena Rivers as its main tributaries, the Swan river's lower reaches are deep and wide while the upper reaches very shallow and narrow. Don River, Launching Place. Since its establishment in 2004, YRKA has delivered hundreds of presentations and lectures, been in over 200 media appearances and provide on-water inspection tours to over 200 community leaders, business leaders, and politicians. Before 8000 BC, the Yarra River probably joined course with other present-day Port Phillip Bay tributaries such as the Patterson, Kororoit, Werribee, Little River, and drained directly through a narrow gap (what is now called the Rip) into a bay of the Great Australian Bight on the west side of a prehistoric land bridge called the Bassian Plain (which later became submerged into the Bass Strait). The disposal of sewerage in Melbourne was very basic in the early days. The riverflows for about 242 kilometers from the Yarra Ranges of the Great Dividing Range to Port Philip at Hobsons Bay. The Yarra River is also home to other creatures; there are 18 species of frogs, 57 species of wetland birds and 113 species of streamside birds as well as waterbugs and platypus. There are more than 400 Licensed Tour Operators across Victoria who are ready and waiting to help you experience and connect with Victorias spectacular parks and waterways. Surround yourself with the majestic views of Melbourne's cityscape views on the renowned Yarra River. Stash some supplies into a back pack and take the family out for a day trip and in only a short drive from Melbourne you can be surrounded by nature. In the lower reaches of the Yarra mainly southern black bream[35] and jellyfish and in the upper reaches smaller quantities of European perch (redfin), Macquarie perch, brown trout, Murray cod and freshwater catfish. There isn't a more relaxing way to spend a day than taking a cruise on the Yarra River and taking in all the sights and sounds of Melbourne. However, it still faces a number of challenges: Many community groups and schools are involved in looking after river, but we all have a part to play. From there, continuously weed out the bigger rocks and pebbles. [15], The Port Phillip settlement, that would become Melbourne, was established along the lower banks of the Yarra in 1835. The Basin extends 120 km from forested mountains in the east to the City of Melbourne with its northern boundary formed by the Great Dividing Range. . The Yarra had clear water before European settlement but during the industrial revolution in the 19th century, high levels of land clearing and development caused these microscopic clay particles to enter the water, making it the colour it is today. River red gums form a tree canopy with a dense understorey of silver wattles, river bottlebrush, prickly currant bush and tree violet. In the early days, the river would frequently flood. Ian Penrose, founder of the Yarra Riverkeeper Association. They replied 'Yarro Yarro', meaning 'it flows'. The gold rush quickly transformed Melbourne into one of the largest Australian cities and opened up Victoria to industrialization. [30] They are part of the global Waterkeeper Alliance movement and have been involved in forums and discussions pushing for policies to ensure that "the voice" of the river is heard. The increasing industrialisation of the river and the growth of the shipping industry saw the need for major infrastructure works which dramatically changed the course of the river in its lower reaches. Copyright Ocean Protect 2022. This also included widening and deepening, and in some cases, vast areas of land were excavated, such as Victoria Dock, in order to give ease of access for cargo and later container ships. The area has been occupied by various indigenous clans for at least 30,000 years. The first step is finding the right spot in the river where the gold might collect, such as a crook in the bedrock, idle pools, log jams, inside corners of rivers or spaces between boulders. This article contains explanations and lists of the river's tributaries and other geographic features. [26], Several programs are being implemented to minimise beach and river pollution, mostly organised by community groups, EPA Victoria and local councils. Did you know: Originally called Birrarung, meaning a place of mists and shadows, the river only became known as the Yarra in the 1830s after a surveyor misheard local Aboriginal people saying Yarro Yarro: it flows. Go for a wander and see how many you can spot. The river was then fully dammed at the entrance and exit to the tunnel and water was diverted through 145m and out the other side leaving a 3.85km of riverbed around Pound Bend exposed to the sun and the miners picks. Melbourne Water respectfully acknowledges the Bunurong, Gunaikurnai, Taungurung, Wadawurrung and Wurundjeri Woi-wurrung peoples as the Traditional Owners and Custodians of the land and water on which we rely and operate. Go for a swim in the river to cool down, or set off in a canoe to explore all that the Yarra has to offer. Up to 350,000 cigarette butts enter the Yarra catchment storm water runoff every day,[24] these serve as just a small representation of the rubbish and litter that are disposed of in storm water runoff areas that eventually make their way into the river and consequently, the sea. The Yarra River was also the main traffic path for the timers industry during the 1890s, as . Along with Vermont, Maine and New Hampshire in the Northeast, North Carolina and Georgia are popular with miners in the Southeast, while California, Utah, Oregon, Nevada and Idaho are well known out West. [21] Early industry located along the river contributed great amounts of pollution such as dangerous chemicals, grease, oil and heavy metals. The park features steep river escarpments, open woodlands, playing fields and golf courses. The area in front of old Customs House is a former turning basin for ships. Phone 13 1963 Parks Victoria. The strong brown, muddy colour of the river is caused by clay soils. A few tips from the experts: There are thousands of places across the country to go in search of gold. [citation needed], The Yarra's major tributaries are the Maribyrnong River, Moonee Ponds Creek, Merri Creek, Darebin Creek, Plenty River, Mullum Mullum Creek and Olinda Creek. Their discovery sparked one of the most frantic gold rushes in history. [citation needed], Gold was first discovered in Victoria near the Yarra River in Warrandyte. Not usually stocked because of the movement of fish into the creek from the Yarra River. Sacramento River. Our iconic waterways are the lifeblood of Melbournes natural landscape learn how you can help look after them. 2016 Yering Station Estate Chardonnay Yarra Valley SKU #1424727 95 points James Halliday Straw-yellow. Customs House is a Victorian government commitment to protect Melbourne residents from future flooding,... Needed ], the Yarra river the Great Dividing Range to Port Philip Hobsons. Nicknamed the upside down river because of the largest area of natural bushland Park did you:. Delivering the plan is a population of Macquarie perch population More than one-third of Victorias lives! Opened up Victoria to industrialization recorded flood in the rivers upper reaches fishing! 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